SQL Reference
This section provides a comprehensive reference for SQL support in Spice.ai, including syntax, data types, operators, functions, and system features. The reference is organized by topic for ease of navigation.
Table of Contents​
SELECT Syntax​
- WITH Clause
- SELECT Clause
- FROM Clause
- WHERE Clause
- JOIN Clause
- GROUP BY Clause
- HAVING Clause
- UNION Clause
- ORDER BY Clause
- LIMIT Clause
- EXCLUDE and EXCEPT Clause
Subqueries​
- Subquery Operators
- SELECT Clause Subqueries
- FROM Clause Subqueries
- WHERE Clause Subqueries
- HAVING Clause Subqueries
- Subquery Categories
EXPLAIN​
Information Schema​
AI Functions​
Operators and Literals​
Scalar Functions​
- Math Functions
- Conditional Functions
- String Functions
- Binary String Functions
- Regular Expression Functions
- Time and Date Functions
- Array Functions
- Struct Functions
- Map Functions
- Hashing Functions
- Union Functions
- Other Functions
Spark-compatible scalar functions such as array, bit_get, date_add, like, and parse_url follow the semantics documented in the Spark SQL built-in function reference.
Aggregate Functions​
JSON Functions and Operators​
Search​
Prepared Statements​
DML (Data Manipulation Language)​
Data Types​
Spice uses Apache Arrow data types internally. Common SQL types include:
| SQL Type | Description |
|---|---|
INT, BIGINT | Integer types |
FLOAT, DOUBLE | Floating-point types |
VARCHAR, TEXT | String types |
BOOLEAN | Boolean type |
TIMESTAMP | Timestamp with nanosecond precision |
DATE | Date type |
DECIMAL | Arbitrary precision numeric |
Use CAST(expression AS type) or expression::type to convert between types.
Refer to each section for detailed syntax, supported features, and examples.
